<title>Three-dimensional holographic optical tweezers implemented on spatial light modulator</title>

We have developed a holographic optical tweezers system based on diffractive optical elements (DOES) implemented on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LC-SLM) able to generate fine positioned traps on the sample. Our own algorithms and code allows to calculate phase DOES that can transform a single laser beam into an array of independent traps, each with individually specified characteristics, arranged in arbitrary three-dimensional (3D) geometrical configurations. Different DOEs can be dynamically projected to the SLM in order to achieve a rearrangement of the configuration of the trapping spots. Silica or latex micro-beads are trapped in different configurations of spots to demonstrate the fine control capability on each trap. Our setup is built on a standard video microscope coupled with a laser source, a spatial light modulator and a three axis nano-positioning system. It allows to obtain 3D multi-trapping and a fine calibration for the positioning of the traps.