Programmable Metasurface-Based DOA Estimation Using Atomic Norm Minimization

This paper presents a atomic norm minimization (ANM)-based direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method using programmable metasurface sensor (PMS). Different from the traditional phased-array, PMS utilizes the low-cost, passive, reflective elements to independently reflect the incident signal. The ANM-based DOA estimation method overcomes the drawback of grid effect by working directly in continuous parameter domain. Simulation results verify that the proposed method based on PMS can achieve better DOA estimation performance with low hardware complexity and low-cost.