( N ‐Heterocyclic carbene) ion‐pair palladium complexes: Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling studies in neat water under mild conditions

The synthesis and characterization of a series of ( N ‐heterocyclic carbene)PdCl 3 − (NMe 3 H) + ion‐pair complexes are presented. Applying the quaternary ammonium salt as the function with NHC–Pd(II) complexes yields the new ion‐pair complexes. The NHC–Pd(II) ion‐pair complexes work well by undergoing the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction with aryl chloride substrates in water under mild conditions in air at room temperature. Twenty products resulting from Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions carried out in the presence of the new NHC–Pd(II) ion‐pair complex under mild optimal conditions were examined to determine the optimum yields.