Is the H2 economy realizable in the foreseeable future? Part I: H2 production methods

The efforts on energy system decarbonization and improved sustainable energy efficiency in developed countries led energy enthusiasts to explore alternative highly effective pathways in accomplishing these goals. Specifically, the transition from hydrocarbon to H2 economy using fuel cells and H2 technologies is a sustainable and favorable approach forward in meeting stationary, transportation, industrial, residential, and commercial sectors. This review in three Parts brings out the capability of H2 for enabling an energy revolution through much-needed flexibility in renewable energy resources. The review identifies the developments and challenges within the H2 generation, storage, transportation, distribution, and usage - as well as applications along with national and international initiatives in the field, all of which suggest a pathway for a greener H2 society. The review also highlights the opportunities and challenges in major energy sectors for H2 technologies. Part I of the series highlights the importance of H2 economy and initiatives from various agencies, and presents several H2 generation methods.