Objective:To ascertain the value of clinical etiology diagnosis of the lower respiratory tract using sputum by postbronchoscopy.Methods: Patients with infection of lower respiratory tract(225 cases) were divided randomly into postbronchoscopy group and control group.The results of sputum culture of the two groups were compared.Results: No significant difference in positive sputum culture was found between the postbronchoscopy group(65.7%) and the control group(62.5%),p0.05.Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the sputum culture rate between two groups.Conventional sputum culture is still practical method for the diagnosis of clinical etiology of lower respiratory tract.