电荷(物理)
载流子
化学
光电子学
太阳能转换
能量转换效率
化学物理
材料科学
光化学
太阳能
物理
电气工程
量子力学
工程类
作者
Xiaoran Zhang,Yanhong Lyu,Chen Chen,Jianyun Zheng,San Ping Jiang,Shuangyin Wang
标识
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2311326121
摘要
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) coupling of CO 2 and nitrate can provide a useful and green source of urea, but the process is affected by the photocathodes with poor charge-carrier dynamics and low conversion efficiency. Here, a NiFe diatomic catalysts/TiO 2 layer/nanostructured n + p-Si photocathode is rationally designed, achieving a good charge-separation efficiency of 78.8% and charge-injection efficiency of 56.9% in the process of PEC urea synthesis. Compared with the electrocatalytic urea synthesis by using the same catalysts, the Si-based photocathode shows a similar urea yield rate (81.1 mg·h −1 ·cm −2 ) with a higher faradic efficiency (24.2%, almost twice than the electrocatalysis) at a lower applied potential under 1 sun illumination, meaning that a lower energy-consumption method acquires more aimed productions. Integrating the PEC measurements and characterization results, the synergistic effect of hierarchical structure is the dominating factor for enhancing the charge-carrier separation, transfer, and injection by the matched band structure and favorable electron-migration channels. This work provides a direct and efficient route of solar-to-urea conversion.
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