Strategies for Enhancing the Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Efficiency of Covalent Triazine Frameworks for CO2 Reduction

Converting carbon dioxide (CO₂) into fuel and high-value-added chemicals is considered a green and effective way to solve global energy and environmental problems. Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are extensively utilized as an emerging catalyst for photo/electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) recently recognized for their distinctive qualities, including excellent thermal and chemical stability, π-conjugated structure, rich nitrogen content, and a strong affinity for CO₂, etc. Nevertheless, single-component CTFs have the problems of accelerated recombination of photoexcited electron-hole pairs and restricted conductivity, which limit their application for photo/electrocatalytic CO₂RR. Therefore, emphasis will then summarize the strategies for enhancing the photocatalytic and electrocatalytic efficiency of CTFs for CO₂RR in this paper, including atom doping, constructing a heterojunction structure, etc. This review first illustrates the synthesis strategies of CTFs and the advantages of CTFs in the field of photo/electrocatalytic CO₂RR. Subsequently, the mechanism of CTF-based materials in photo/electrocatalytic CO₂RR is described. Lastly, the challenges and future prospects of CTFs in photo/electrocatalytic CO₂RR are addressed, which offers a fresh perspective for the future development of CTFs in photo/electrocatalytic CO₂RR.