材料科学
电解质
相间
化学工程
电化学
阳极
离子电导率
电极
金属
物理化学
化学
遗传学
生物
工程类
冶金
作者
Xianming Xia,Shitan Xu,Fang Tang,Yu Yao,Lifeng Wang,Lin Liu,Shengnan He,Yaxiong Yang,Wenping Sun,Chen Xu,Yuezhan Feng,Hongge Pan,Xianhong Rui,Yan Yu
标识
DOI:10.1002/adma.202209511
摘要
The sodium (Na)-metal anode with high theoretical capacity and low cost is promising for construction of high-energy-density metal batteries. However, the unsatisfactory interface between Na and the liquid electrolyte induces tardy ion transfer kinetics and dendritic Na growth, especially at ultralow temperature (-40 °C). Herein, an artificial heterogeneous interphase consisting of disodium selenide (Na2 Se) and metal vanadium (V) is produced on the surface of Na (Na@Na2 Se/V) via an in situ spontaneous chemical reaction. Such interphase layer possesses high sodiophilicity, excellent ionic conductivity, and high Young's modulus, which can promote Na-ion adsorption and transport, realizing homogenous Na deposition without dendrites. The symmetric Na@Na2 Se/V cell exhibits outstanding cycling life span of over 1790 h (0.5 mA cm-2 /1 mAh cm-2 ) in carbonate-based electrolyte. More remarkably, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the artificial Na2 Se/V hybrid interphase can accelerate the desolvation of solvated Na+ at -40 °C. The Na@Na2 Se/V electrode thus exhibits exceptional electrochemical performance in symmetric cell (over 1500 h at 0.5 mA cm-2 /0.5 mAh cm-2 ) and full cell (over 700 cycles at 0.5 C) at -40 °C. This work provides an avenue to design artificial heterogeneous interphase layers for superior high-energy-density metal batteries at ambient and ultralow temperatures.
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