A review on multi energy systems modelling and optimization

Over the past decade, energy systems for the combined management of power vectors have been attracted the attention of the scientific community. Most of the published works aim at finding optimal design and operations of Multi Energy Systems (MES). In these works, the basic structure and assumptions of the formulation are often taken for granted. Consequently, approaching MESs for the first time, understanding how to guarantee the desired optimization detail with proper computational expenses, is a challenging and time-consuming task. The present work presents a novel approach to the analysis of the MES literature, since it is devoted to guide a practical development of MES optimization. Through the discussion of six case studies, the mathematical formulation is presented to provide a clear reference to build the model. Emphasis is placed on how the aspects investigated can change the nature of the problem and the choice of the solvers for the process execution. For each of these aspects, a literature review to identify and discuss the main proposals for its implementation is presented. Finally, a great attention is posed on the inclusion of thermal networks and storage in the optimization of multi-energy systems, discussing the different approaches used in the literature.