Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and transoral robotic surgery in locoregionally advanced oropharyngeal cancer

Purpose To analyze the oncological outcomes and patterns of recurrence of patients with locoregionally advanced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) who underwent neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) with subsequent transoral robotic surgery (TORS). Methods A single-center retrospective cohort study was performed, including 198 patients (mean age: 58.6, SD: 9.2). The primary outcome was disease-free survival (DFS). Results The median follow-up time was 26.5 months (IQR: 16.0–52.0). Estimated DFS rates (95 % CI) at 1 and 3 years were 86.6 % (81.9–91.7), and 81.4 % (75.7–87.6), respectively. Estimated DSS rates (95 % CI) at 1 and 3 years were 96.7 % (94.1–99.3), and 92.6 % (88.4–97.0), respectively. Estimated OS rates (95 % CI) at 1 and 3 years were 96.2 % (93.4–99.0), and 88.7 % (83.4–94.2), respectively. A total of 31 (15.6 %) patients showed a disease relapse after a median time of 8 months (IQR: 4.0–12.0), but only 12 (6 %) patients died of the disease during the study period. Conclusions This study demonstrates that NCT and TORS can obtain excellent tumor control and survival in locoregionally advanced OPSCC. NCT might reduce the need for adjuvant treatments, and randomized clinical trials should be conducted to better define this aspect.