Abstract B118: Histone demethylase inhibitor, trans-2-phenylcyclopropylamine hydrochloride inhibits KDM3A and KDM5A activities, resulting in overcoming resistance against bortezomib.

Abstract Purpose: The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has shown impressive clinical activity alone and in combination with conventional and other novel agents for the myeloma treatment. Although bortezomib is known to be a selective proteasome inhibitor, the downstream mechanisms of cytotoxicity and drug resistance remain to be understood yet. However, resistance to bortezomib as a single agent develops in the majority of patients, and activity in other malignancies has been less impressive. To overcome bortezomib resistance, we compared differential gene expression profiles of bortezomib-resistant and bortezomib-sensitive IM-9 myeloma cell lines in response to bortezomib, and expressions of KDM3A and 5A genes were significantly incresed. Methods: The differential gene expression profiles of bortezomib-resistant IM-9 and bortezomib-sensitive IM-9 multiple myeloma cell lines in response to bortezomib was performed using Affymetrix GeneChip. To confirm the results, real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed. bortezomib-resistant IM-9 cells were treated with or without bortezomib and/or histone demethylase inhibitor, trans-2-phenylcyclopropylamine hydrochloride (2-PCPA). Moreover, level of histone methylation was examined by western blot analysis. Results: At concentrations that effectively inhibited proteasome activity (maximum dose with 100nM), bortezomib induced cell death in bortezomib-sensitive IM-9 cells, but not in bortezomib-resistant IM-9. In comparison of differential gene expression profiles between bortezomib-resistant IM-9 and bortezomib-sensitive IM-9 cells, we showed overexpression of KDM3A and KDM5A, which are associated with chromatin-mediated reversible drug-tolerant state, Moreover, 2-PCPA overcomes bortezomib resistance in a dose-dependent manner. The histone demethylation at H3K4, H3K9 and H3K27 was suppressed with 2-PCPA. Conclusion: Histone lysine-specific demethylase inhibitor, 2-PCPA with bortezomib may be useful for overcoming bortezomib-resistance in myeloma cells by suppression of KDM3A and KDM5A activities. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):B118. Citation Format: Yasuhito Terui, Ryoko Kuniyoshi, Akihiro Tomida, Kiyohiko Hatake. Histone demethylase inhibitor, trans-2-phenylcyclopropylamine hydrochloride inhibits KDM3A and KDM5A activities, resulting in overcoming resistance against bortezomib. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B118.