A sustainable innovative water remediation approach for methylene blue removal: activated carbon from biomass and synthetic fiber waste

), and trace inorganic contaminants such as zinc, copper, iron, and chromium. The CCM was found to be effective in dye removal under the complex wastewater conditions with an efficiency of 75%, confirming its practical applicability for sustainable textile wastewater treatment. The dual-waste valorization approach provides an efficient way of transforming problematic waste streams into sustainable adsorbents for wastewater treatment.