In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Effects of Polysaccharides from Nameko Medicinal Mushroom, Pholiota nameko SW-01 (Higher Basidiomycetes)

Extra- (EPS) and intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) from Pholiota nameko SW-01 were extracted, and in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects were processed. Briefly, the in vitro antioxidant results indicated that the inhibition effects of IPS at a dose of 500 mg/L on superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals were 63.24 ± 1.12%, 53.11 ± 2.92%, and 59.33 ± 9.37%, which were 7.70%, 14.84%, and 11.40% higher than those of EPS, and 9.79%, 20.32%, and 4.59% higher than those of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), respectively. The reducing power of IPS reached 0.593 ± 0.21 (absorbance at 700 nm), which was 11.30% higher than that of EPS and 15.51% higher than that of BHT. In vivo antioxidant results proved that both IPS and EPS significantly upregulated the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), GSH peroxide (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and alanine transaminase (ALT). In addition, glycosidic bond types of EPS and IPS were primarily characterized. The findings indicate the potential antioxidant effects of polysaccharide extract from Ph. Nameko. Thus, this species has potential applicability as an antioxidant agent and should be studied further.