Enhancing heat transfer across applications with triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures: A comprehensive review

• TPMS structures significantly enhance heat transfer in thermal management systems. • Gyroid and Fischer-Koch geometries improve cooling efficiency by up to 50.6 %. • Integration with PCMs reduces melting time and boosts thermal storage. • Additive manufacturing enables precise fabrication of complex TPMS designs. • Optimal performance depends on porosity, flow rate, and structural configuration. The current research evaluates how triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures, specifically Gyroid configurations, enhance heat transfer in thermal management systems by addressing heating issues caused by miniaturized electronic devices. TPMS structures composed of Gyroid and Fischer-Koch varieties demonstrate up to a 50.6 % improvement in cooling efficiency compared to traditional fin structures. Additionally, the Fischer-Koch structure facilitates internal flow heat transfer, achieving efficiency levels 12 times greater than conventional designs. The Nusselt number exceedes 80 in TPMS configurations, although pressure drops increases when porosity fell below 0.7. However, the performance evaluation criterion remains above 70 at porosities of 0.8. The effective thermal management of advanced electronic systems benefits from the integration of phase change materials (PCMs) with TPMS structures, as they enhance heat dissipation and reduce melting durations. The review concludes that implementing TPMS components would significantly improve heat transfer, besides enabling designers to optimise thermal management systems within constrained spaces.