SUMMARYLeptonia sericella (Fr.) Barbier is proposed as the type of a new genus, Alboleptonia. Detailed descriptions of species and infraspecific taxa are provided, along with a key for their identification. To supplement classical macroscopic and microscopic observations, fresh carpophores were subjected to various macrochemical tests, and dried carpophores to simple paper chromatographic separation of 70%-ethanol-soluble compounds. Reactions to macrochemical tests and the presence of several uncommon Ehrlich-positive compounds in Alboleptonia, but not in other rhodophylloid fungi, add chemotaxonomic weight to the new genus.