Objective: To study the biological effects of 585nm pulsed dye laser(PDL) in the treatment of erythematous scar. Methods: By histological study collagen VG staining and microvascular endothe staining, we investigated the change of collagen fibers and the density of microvessels after PDL treatment. Results: The changes of histological and immnohistochemistry showed that PDL can achieve normal vascularity after more than 3 times treatment. Conclusion: Change fundamentally the physiology of wound healing if we treat the scar by PDL in the early phases.