Design and optimization of a mulch film punching system for a potato planter, using MATLAB and DEM-MBD simulations

This study addresses the challenges of potato planting on mulch film in the cold, arid regions of Northwest China by designing and optimizing a hole-sowing device based on a double-crank five-bar linkage mechanism. Using MATLAB, the linkage parameters were optimized to enhance planting accuracy through the "zero-speed planting" principle. The device's operational reliability was validated through DEM-MBD coupled simulations, which confirmed its ability to meet planting depth and plant spacing requirements with excellent kinematic performance. Field trials demonstrated an 87.6 % qualified rate for plant spacing, a 4.3 % misalignment rate, and a 95.6 % qualified rate for planting depth under the film, all conforming to national and industry standards. These findings support the advancement of mechanized potato planting and propose improvements for plant spacing control devices using stepless speed regulation. • Hole-punch planting linkage optimization using MATLAB software. • DEM-MBD simulation of the potato hole-punching process. • Valication of the device’s planting accuracy through field tests. • Practical implementation of a film-punch potato planting device suitable for cold and arid regions.