Comparison between Acute Phase Reactant in COVID-19 Pneumonia And Bacterial pneumonia

Background: Several instances of pneumonia from an unknown cause were recorded in the city of Wuhan, China in December 2019, and were later confirmed as coronavirus illness 2019. (COVID-19). Pneumonia is an inflammatory disease that impacts the parenchyma of the lungs, resulting in the consolidation of the afflicted area and the filling of alveolar air gaps with exudate, inflammatory cells, and fibrin. Acute phase reactants (APRs) are critical in the early detection, management, and recording of illness development. Aim of the study : To determine the value of measurement of Acute Phase Reactants (APRs) in Differentiation between Covid-19 pneumonia and Bacterial pneumonia. Patients and Methods: Thirty patients with Bacterial pneumonia and another thirty patients with Covid-19 pneumonia were included in this cross-sectional research at Al-houssein University Hospital. Results: There was highly significant increased CRP in COVID-19 pneumonia group (68.8mg/L) versus bacterial pneumonia group (42.8mg/L). & D-Dimer highly significant increase in COVID-19 pneumonia group (1276.7ng/ml) versus bacterial pneumonia group (643.3ng/ml) , also ferritin highly significant increase in COVID-19 pneumonia group (521ng/ml) versus bacterial pneumonia group (254.3ng/ml) and also there was highly significant decreased Lymphocytes in COVID-19 pneumonia group (1.1/mm3) versus bacterial pneumonia group (3.9/mm3) but WBCs highly significant increase in bacterial pneumonia group (22.3/mm3) versus COVID-19 pneumonia group (8.5/mm3) and Neutrophil highly significant increase in bacterial pneumonia group (18.4/mm3) versus COVID-19 pneumonia group (7.4/mm3). Conclusion: Acute phase reactants (APRs) (CRP, D-dimer, S-ferrittin, WBCs & differential) can be used in differentiation between COVID-19 pneumonia & Bacterial pneumonia.