FABP5+ lipid-loaded macrophages process tumour-derived unsaturated fatty acid signal to suppress T-cell antitumour immunity

化学 免疫 脂肪酸 癌症研究 生物化学 免疫学 免疫系统 生物
作者
Xuguang Yang,Bo Deng,Weiwei Zhao,Yangyang Guo,Yaqi Wan,Zhihao Wu,Sheng Su,Jingyan Gu,Xiaoqian Hu,Wenxue Feng,Chencheng Hu,Jia Li,Yanyong Xu,Xiaowu Huang,Yuli Lin
出处
期刊:Journal of Hepatology [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:82 (4): 676-689 被引量:78
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2024.09.029
摘要

Background & Aims Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. However, while the pro-tumour and immunosuppressive roles of lipid-loaded macrophages are well established, the mechanisms by which lipid metabolism enhances the tumour-promoting effects of TAMs remain unclear. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on mouse and human HCC tumour samples to elucidate the landscape of HCC TAMs. Macrophages were stimulated with various long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) to assess immunosuppressive molecule expression in vitro . Additionally, in vivo and in vitro studies were conducted using mice with macrophage-specific deficiencies in fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Results Single-cell RNA sequencing identified a subpopulation of FABP5 + lipid-loaded TAMs characterized by enhanced immune checkpoint blocker ligands and immunosuppressive molecules in an oncogene-mutant HCC mouse model and human HCC tumours. Mechanistically, long-chain UFAs released by tumour cells activate PPARγ via FABP5, resulting in immunosuppressive properties in TAMs. FABP5 deficiency in macrophages decreases immunosuppressive molecule expression, enhances T cell-dependent antitumour immunity, diminishes HCC growth, and improves immunotherapy efficacy. Conclusions This study demonstrates that UFAs promote tumourigenesis by enhancing the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment via FABP5-PPARγ signalling and provides a proof-of-concept for targeting this pathway to improve the efficacy of tumour immunotherapy . Impact and implications Despite the role of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) in promoting tumour progression being well established, the mechanisms by which lipid metabolism enhances the tumour-promoting effects of TAMs remain unclear. Our study reveals that FABP5-mediated unsaturated fatty acid metabolism in TAMs is crucial for modulating antitumour T-cell immunity and influencing the efficacy of immunotherapy . This finding provides novel insights into the immunomodulatory roles of FABP5 + lipid-loaded TAMs in hepatocellular carcinoma and suggests that targeting FABP5 could offer a new approach to liver cancer treatment.
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