Calibration and Experiments on the Parameters of the Bonding Particle Model of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Samara Based on the Discrete Element Method

The calibration of the discrete element model of EUO samara was conducted in response to the lack of discrete element simulation models and parameters in the development of mechanical hulling technology and equipment of EUO samara. The EUO samara was modeled based on the Hertz–Mindlin with bonding model, and its relevant parameters were measured by physical experiments. Among them, maximum shear force was used as the evaluation index, virtual calibration experiments were conducted for the bonding parameters by the single-factor experiments, and the two-level factorial experiment, the steepest climb experiment, and the Box–Behnken response surface experiment were also used. The results showed that the relative error between the simulated and measured maximum shear force is 0.93%; the model and parameter calibration results established by this research can be used for discrete element simulation research, which is of guiding significance for the research and development of hulling equipment of EUO samara.