Green synthesis of biofabricated silver nanoparticles from Syzygium aromaticum seeds: spectral characterization and evaluation of its anti-mycobacterial activity, cytotoxicity assessment on zebrafish embryo and Artemia salina

The lack of a viable vaccine and the emergence of novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains that are particularly resistant to treatments, presage a complicated future situation. Biosynthesized nanomaterials are currently proving to be a viable antibacterial therapeutic option, including for MTB infection treatment. The goal of this work is to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Syzygium aromaticum seeds and investigate their antimicrobial, anti-tubercular, and cytotoxic properties using zebrafish embryos and Artemia salina. The UV spectrophotometer, SEM-EDAX, TEM and FTIR measurements were used to characterize the AgNPs. Antibacterial activity was performed against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and K. pneumoniae and exhibited potential inhibitory activity towards the bacterial cultures. The MABA assay was used to investigate the anti-mycobacterial activity, and the AgNPs showed the highest percentage of inhibition in both test concentrations (250 and 500 µg/ml).