Multipurpose DIY Spectrophotometer for Teaching Analytical Chemistry

Spectroscopy is an integral part of chemical research, and the operation of any spectroscopic instrument is critical in chemical education. This study presents a low-cost, do-it-yourself (DIY) style spectrophotometer system that can be adapted for UV–vis spectrophotometry, fluorimetry, and atomic emission spectroscopy applications. The DIY system is constructed with commonly available hardware and 3D-printed parts, totaling less than $100 USD. Python code is also provided to process the color spectrum image into intensity vs wavelength data, similar to any commercial-level instrument. The functionality of the DIY spectrophotometer is demonstrated with the absorption of KMnO4, fluorescence of fluorescein and atomic emission of LiCl, NaCl, BaCl2, and SrCl2. All of the collected spectra show accurate results compared to a commercial instrument or existing literature. The goal of this project is to provide a hands-on platform for undergraduate students to see and modify the individual components of a spectrophotometer, which will enhance their understanding of the underlying principles.