Dynamics of Social and Psychological Resilience of the Population of Ukraine During the War

War destroys normal living conditions at all social levels, from the country as a whole to the individual. The mobilization of socio-psychological resources of resilience helps the population to resist the negative effects of wartime. Despite considerable attention to maintaining psychological resilience at the individual level, the collective resilience of Ukrainian society has not been sufficiently researched. The socio-psychological approach emphasizes this type of resilience, which manifests itself in the community’s ability to successfully overcome difficulties. The problem of collective resilience research is complicated during times of war, when traumatic circumstances are the reality of the present rather than localized in the past. The purpose of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the functioning of collective resilience during almost three years of full-scale war. An approach to collective resilience based on the emphasis on common social identity during war was chosen. The novelty of the research consists in recording the changes in collective resilience under the influence of war based on the comparison of the data of the sociological monitoring “Ukrainian Society” of the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, obtained in 2021—2024. On the basis of general scientific methods of comparison, generalization, analogy, as well as methods of descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, the dynamics of the main parameters of collective resilience were traced and the key factors that ensure the ability of the population to maintain normal life in extreme conditions were determined. Calculations were made using the IBM SPSS Statistics 24 package. The analysis confirmed that the main factor supporting collective resilience was the intensification of experiencing the national-civic identity, which is based on a sense of belonging to the community. The effect of such components of collective resilience as a positive vision of the future, social support, belief in the ability to achieve the desired goals, trust in the authorities and faith in the community leader has been confirmed. A steady trend towards a weakening of collective resilience has been recorded in 2024: support factors continue to operate, but the effectiveness of their influence is decreasing.