Optimization of Shingled-Type Lightweight Glass-Free Solar Modules for Building Integrated Photovoltaics

High-power and lightweight photovoltaic (PV) modules are suitable for building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. Due to the characteristics of the installation sites, the BIPV solar modules are limited by weight and installation area. In this study, we fabricated glass-free and shingled-type PV modules with an area of 1040 mm × 965 mm, which provide more conversion power compared to conventional PV modules at the same installed area. Further, we employed an ethylene tetrafluoroethylene sheet instead of a front cover glass and added an Al honeycomb sandwich structure to enhance the mechanical stability of lightweight PV modules. To optimize the conversion power of the PV module, we adjusted the amount of dispensed electrically conductive adhesives between the solar cells. Finally, we achieved a conversion power of 195.84 W at an area of 1.004 m2, and we performed standard reliability tests using a PV module that weighed only 9 kg/m2.