Performance Analysis of Sodium-Ion Batteries using PyBamm

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) offer promising solutions for renewable energy storage and electric mobility. This work gives an innovative investigation of the electrode behavior with a novel electrode pairing. Sodium vanadium phosphate fluoride (NVPF) is used as the cathode and hard carbon as the anode, selected for their performance-enhancing properties. NVPF provides high voltage, stability, and reversible reactions, whereas hard carbon effectively stores sodium ions due to its disordered structure and favorable diffusion kinetics. The analysis evaluated key battery parameters, including electrode potentials, particle concentration, electrolyte potentials, particle size, current responses, and a voltage range. Significant non-uniform potential distributions were particularly noted at the negative electrode, linked to heterogeneous reaction rates and localized overpotentials influenced by hard carbon's complex microstructure. These findings support ongoing advancements in sodium-ion battery technology.