Instrumentation and testing for road condition monitoring – A state-of-the-art review

The sensing instrumentation and testing operations routinely implemented in-situ to monitor the condition of both paved (flexible, rigid) and unpaved roads are critically reviewed: image acquisition, appraisal of surface profile and skid resistance, measurement of stress, strain and deflection, execution of tomography tests, evaluation of environmental parameters as well as determination of traffic volume. Further, this state-of-the-art review sheds light on the financial aspects and cost spectra of the different diagnostic procedures. Finally, a systematic literature review highlights trends in recent research and documents that scientific studies have mainly focused on remote imaging, deflection and tomography measurements.