Obstet Gynecol Surv 2016;71(3):146–147 One of the most important technical advances in prenatal care in recent times is analysis of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the maternal plasma to screen for fetal aneuploidy. Use of cfDNA screening for aneuploidy was clinically introduced in 2011 in the United States, China, and Hong Kong and has since been used primarily in pregnancies at increased risk of fetal aneuploidy because of maternal age, traditional screen results, ultrasonographic findings, or other risk factors.