Structure Identification And Biological Evaluation Of Compounds Isolated From Polygonum Hydropiper

Polygonum hydropiper (L.) (Polygonaceae) is a famous folk medicine. It is an annual plant 40 – 70 cm tall grown commonly in wet areas and distributed worldwide. Reported major classes of compounds include flavonoids, sesquiterpenes and phenylpropanoids. P. hydropiper extracts showed antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, antifeedant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, oestrogenic, anti-fertility, anti-adipogenic, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and neuroprotective activities. Phytochemical investigation of the aerial part of P. hydropiper led to the identification of vanicoside F, 5,6-dehydrokawain, aniba-dimer-A, 6,6'-(1R,2R,3S,4S)-2,4-diphenylcyclobutane-1,3-diyl)bis(4-methoxy-2 H-pyran-2-one), (E)-1-(2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxyphenyl)-flavone, 3,7-dihydroxy-5,6-dimethoxy-flavone, 3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-flavone, (+)-ketopinoresinol, pinosylvin, 2-desoxy-4-epi-pulchellin. The ten compounds were isolated for the first time from this species. Among them, eight compounds were tested for antimicrobial, antimalarial, antitrypanosomal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities.