Molecularly Imprinted Polyaniline-Functionalized Lateral-Flow Membrane for Highly Sensitive and Selective Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Detection in Water

) and reliable readout within 15 min. The developed functionalized film exhibits remarkable selectivity toward structurally related PFAS compounds and shows robust resistance to interference from both other PFAS compounds and common environmental ions. Validation in drinking water, lake water, and river water samples confirmed high matrix spike recovery (95.0-107.1%) and minimal matrix effects, highlighting the sensor's applicability for real-world environmental monitoring. This work demonstrates a simple, cost-effective, and portable strategy for on-site ultratrace PFAS detection in diverse water matrices, supporting rapid environmental monitoring and compliance screening.