О возможности использования порошка оксида иттрия как упрочняющей фазы при центробежном литье коррозионностойких сталей

The authors have made an analysis of necessity to improve the composition of the existing structural materials for critical purposes in the direction of creating metal matrix materials, which combine a highly plastic metal base and refractory high-strength high-modulus fillers. For iron matrix alloys, dispersed yttrium oxide (Y2O3 ) particles are preferred because of their stability at pyrometallurgical process temperatures and inertness to alloy components. The technology of obtaining new materials by introducing dispersed particles into a liquid melt during casting using a centrifugal casting machine to obtain a hollow (pipe) billet is considered. The possibility of increasing the mechanical and operational properties of metal matrix materials in comparison with monomaterial is shown. The article describes results of the thermodynamic modeling of high-temperature processes occurring in the yttrium oxide - metal matrix (melt) system. Modeling was carried out using the FactSage software package. A composition corresponding to 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel was used as the modeling composition of the matrix material. The calculations were made according to the ratio of 1 g of yttrium oxide additive per 100 g of matrix metal melt. From the simulation results it is possible to conclude that the introduced dispersed yttrium oxide powder does not interact with the alloy components, does not dissociate, and does not undergo allotropic transformations. The expediency of conducting experiments on the production of centrifugal castings using yttrium oxide as a hardening phase with the aim of a possible increase in radiation resistance is shown. Directions are indicated for developing the most effective technology for creating metallic materials based on an iron matrix dispersed-hardened by yttrium oxide.