[The progress, challenges and opportunities of neonatal genome screening].

Neonatal screening is one of the crucial parts of the tertiary prevention strategy to reduce congenital disability. Traditional neonatal screening, mainly focusing on genetic metabolic diseases, has limitations in disease types and requires genetic testing for further validation and accurate typing. Currently, conducting genetic screening based on biochemical metabolite screening has become the trend in neonatal screening. This article synthesizes the current state of neonatal genome screening at home and abroad. Herein, the comprehensive concepts of "SNV Plus" (single nucleotide variation plus) and "CNV Plus" (copy number variation plus) have been proposed to develop a new technology that can detect the gene structure of SNV and CNV simultaneously and improve the level of neonatal genome screening based on characteristics of the pathogenic gene structure.新生儿筛查是降低出生缺陷三级预防体系中重要的一环，传统的新生儿筛查以遗传代谢病为主，筛查病种有一定局限性，需要基因检测进一步验证和精准分型。在生化代谢物筛查的基础上开展基因筛查已成为今后新生儿筛查的趋势。本文结合国际国内新生儿基因组筛查的现状，基于致病基因结构的特点，提出了“SNV Plus”（单核苷酸变异检测+）和“CNV Plus”（拷贝数变异检测+）理念，期待发展一种能同时检测SNV和CNV的基因结构的新技术，提高新生儿基因组筛查水平。.