Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Experiments Reveal the Mechanism of Agaricus blazei Murill Extract in Treating Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant hematological neoplasm. FA-2-b-β, extracted from Agaricus blazei Murrill, has demonstrated antitumor activity against multiple cancer types. Nevertheless, the specific pharmacodynamic components and molecular mechanisms of FA-2-b-β against CML remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to systematically investigate the mechanism of FA-2-b-β against CML through an integrated strategy combining liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), network pharmacology prediction, and in vitro experimental validation. Using LC-MS/MS profiling, we identified a total of 126 chemical components. Subsequently, network pharmacological analysis screened 45 potentially active components and 129 CML-related overlapping targets. Further pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these candidate targets were predominantly involved in the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. In vitro validation confirmed the suppression of PI3K/AKT phosphorylation in K562 cells. Collectively, this study provides significant insights into the active components and antitumor mechanisms of FA-2-b-β, emphasizing its potential as a promising therapeutic agent for treating CML.