The recent progress in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction based on myoglobin biomarker: Nano-aptasensors approaches

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the main health problems, leading to a major rate of mortality and morbidity. Given that myoglobin (Mb) is the earliest rising biomarker after AMI, recent studies have shown that Mb may be considered as a suitable biomarker for the detection of cardiac damage. Recently, aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) have attracted special attention for being accessible and their capability for sensitive detection of Mb. Moreover, the nano-aptasensors have provided new advances toward accurate detection of Mb. In this review, we provide an outline of the various types of optical and electrochemical-based aptasensors that have been developed for determination of Mb-related AMI. We also summarized recent developments in the applications of nano-aptasensors for recognition of Mb as an AMI biomarker. Future perspectives and challenges of aptamer-based Mb detection are discussed in brief as well.