Prevalence and heritability of benign prostatic hyperplasia and LUTS in men aged 40 years or older in Zhengzhou rural areas

Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common disease among aging males, but no reports have addressed the prevalence of BPH in Zhengzhou. Therefore, we aimed to understand the prevalence of BPH in men aged 40 years or older in Zhengzhou's rural areas through a cross-sectional study and analyzed the correlation with epidemiologic factors and the heritability of the disease.A multistage sampling method was used to randomly select male respondents in Zhengzhou's rural areas. Men who were 40 years of age or older and their first-degree relatives were subjected to the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and related examinations. Heritability was calculated according to the prevalence of the first-degree relatives in the case and control groups.The prevalence of BPH was 10.04%. Its prevalence increased with age, from 2.17% in men aged 40-44 years to 31.11% in men aged 80 years or older. The average volume of the prostate was 17.16 ± 7.96 mL, and the average IPSS was 5.89 ± 5.91. The analysis of the correlation between the associated risk factors and BPH revealed that prostatitis and a history of prostatic hyperplasia were significant factors. Obesity, smoking, drinking, diabetes, and hypertension were not correlated with BPH. Of the 94 first-degree relatives of the cases, 53 had BPH (56.38%); of the 106 first-degree relatives of the controls, five had BPH (4.72%). Heritability appeared to account for 40.48% of BPH cases. The heritability of incomplete emptying, frequency, intermittency, urgency, weak stream, straining, and nocturia was 43.28, 71.37, 9.67, 5.67, 2.70, 53.36, and 19.12%, respectively.The total prevalence of BPH in men aged 40 years or older in Zhengzhou's rural areas was 10.04%, and the heritability of prostatic hyperplasia was 40.48%.