Effects of Dietary Cholesterol and Phytosterol Overload on Wistar Rat Plasma Lipids

To study the effects of dietary phytosterols on plasma cholesterol, Wistar rats were fed diets containing a cholesterol overload (24 mg/day), to which phytosterols were added or not (24 or 96 mg/day). The cholesterol overload led to a marked increase in cholesterol, mainly linked to very-low-density and low-density lipoproteins. Phytosterols reduced those effects, the highest dose being most efficient. No undesirable effect was observed either on body or on liver weights. This shows that low doses of phytosterols are sufficient to significantly decrease a plasma cholesterol enhancement induced by a dietary cholesterol overload.