Occurrence of Puccinia polysora Causing Southern Corn Rust in the Northeast Huanghuaihai Region of China

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 102, No. 4Occurrence of Puccinia polysora Causing Southern Corn Rust in the Northeast Huanghuaihai Region of China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseOccurrence of Puccinia polysora Causing Southern Corn Rust in the Northeast Huanghuaihai Region of ChinaX. F. Liu, J. Y. Xu, Y. L. Gu, Q. Y. Sun, W. Y. Yuan, and Z. H. MaX. F. Liu†Corresponding author: X. F. Liu; E-mail: E-mail Address: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author, J. Y. XuSearch for more papers by this author, Y. L. GuSearch for more papers by this author, Q. Y. SunSearch for more papers by this author, W. Y. YuanSearch for more papers by this author, and Z. H. MaSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations X. F. Liu † , Institute of Crops Sciences, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China J. Y. Xu , Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China Y. L. Gu Q. Y. Sun , Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China W. Y. Yuan , Institute of Crops Sciences, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China Z. H. Ma , Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Published Online:26 Jan 2018https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-17-0646-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat The Huanghuaihai (HHH) region is the major summer corn (Zea mays L.) producing area in China, whereas spring corn is grown in northeast China. Although Tianjin is located in the northeast HHH region, it serves as a bridge area crossing the summer and spring corn growing regions in China. In 2016, corn leaf rust symptoms were observed on the regional trial corn varieties in Wuqing county (39.40°N, 117.05°E), Tianjin. Of 106 trial varieties, 98 were infected with infection types from III to VI according to Fu et al. (2011). The pustules were randomly scattered on leaves with color being cinnamon to yellowish brown. The pustules were found predominantly on the upper leaves but infrequently on the husks of the ear. The urediniospores were yellowish, and the teliospores were not found. Urediniospores were subglobose or globose showing yellow or golden color. The size of urediniospores was 25.0 to 30.0 × 28.0 to 37.0 μm. Finally, echinulates were observed on the spore surface. The corn leaves with urediniospores were collected from the field. Fresh urediniospores from single uredinial sori were used to inoculate on the fourth leaf of the sweet corn hybrid Jinnuo628. Incubation was performed for 24 h in darkness with 100% relatively humidity, and the inoculated plants were placed in the growth chamber at 28°C with 12 h natural light for 16 days. Urediniospores were collected after appearance of leaf rust symptoms. The inoculation process was repeated to obtain enough spores for DNA analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from urediniospores, and a 1,331-bp fragment was amplified with the ITS1F/RUST1 primer pair (Anikster et al. 2004). BLAST analysis showed the sequence (Wuqing; GenBank MF033480) was 99% identical to Puccinia polysora (GenBank HQ189432) from isolate HSZ1878 (Crouch et al. 2011). Compared with the sequence from HSZ1878, there was one transition between guanine and adenine and one adenine base insertion in the ITS2 region of the sequence from the Wuqing isolate. To confirm the difference, another primer pair, PpolyF/PpolyR (Crouch et al. 2011), was used to amplify the ITS2 region of the Wuqing isolate and an isolate collected from Hainan Province, which was identified as P. polysora. Two ITS2 fragments 139-bp long were sequenced with pTZ57R/T vector. We confirmed the presence of a base transition and an insertion based on sequence alignment of ITS2 from the Wuqing and HSZ1878 isolates. The sequences of ITS2 from Wuqing and Hainan isolates were also 100% identical. Accordingly, this fungus was identified as P. polysora. Previously, P. polysora was reported mainly in southern China, such as Hainan, Guangxi, and so on. To our knowledge, this is the first report of corn rust disease caused by P. polysora in the northeast HHH region of China. The suitable temperature for P. polysora is 26 to 30°C, and the temperature in Tianjin ranged from 21 to 32°C during the summer corn growth stage. A violent storm struck more than half of China from south to north on July 20, 2016. The emergence of P. polysora in Tianjin was likely caused by long-distance wind dispersal from southern China. The fact that most maize germplasm is susceptible makes P. polysora a potential threat to corn production. We have begun to investigate the migration routes of P. polysora in China, and such research should be useful in understanding of spore dispersal of P. polysora.References:Anikster, Y., et al. 2004. Phytopathology 94:569. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.6.569 Link, ISI, Google ScholarCrouch, J. A., et al. 2011. Plant Dis. 95:624. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-10-0745 Link, ISI, Google ScholarFu, J. F., et al. 2011. J. Maize Sci. 19:135. Google ScholarFunding was provided by Scientific Innovation of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (grant no. 17018), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant no. 2016YFD0300702), and the General Program of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (grant no. 15JCYBJC30800).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 102, No. 4 April 2018SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 15 Mar 2018Published: 26 Jan 2018Accepted: 6 Nov 2017 Pages: 826-826 Information© 2018 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byClonal Expansion and Dispersal Pathways of Puccinia polysora in ChinaQiuyu Sun, Jie Liu, Chong Huang, Xiufeng Liu, Jianmeng Gao, Leifu Li, Yong Luo, and Zhanhong Ma12 January 2023 | Phytopathology®, Vol. 113, No. 1Puccinia polysora (American corn rust)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumFirst report of the southern corn rust pathogen Puccinia polysora on Zea mays in North Dakota12 October 2021 | Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, Vol. 43, No. sup2Southern corn rust caused by Puccinia polysora Underw: a review19 October 2021 | Phytopathology Research, Vol. 3, No. 1