A theoretical study of hydrocarbon dehydrogenation in state-of-the-art packed tubular membrane reactors and in impermeable tubes is performed. Conditions of the efficient operation of apparatuses are found under which a high degree of hydrocarbon conversion and yields of products are attained. The possibility of experimentally determining a number of constants for the such processes is shown. Results of theoretical calculations are compared to experimental data for isobutane dehydrogenation.