古细菌
甲烷厌氧氧化
生物
念珠菌
硫酸盐
地球微生物学
生态学
环境化学
甲烷
微生物生态学
基因
细菌
基因组
古生物学
化学
遗传学
环境生物技术
有机化学
作者
Kohei Ino,Alex W Hernsdorf,Uta Konno,Mariko Kouduka,Katsunori Yanagawa,Shingo Kato,Michinari Sunamura,Akinari Hirota,Yoko Togo,Kazumasa Ito,Akari Fukuda,Teruki Iwatsuki,Takashi Mizuno,Daisuke Komatsu,Urumu Tsunogai,Toyoho Ishimura,Yuki Amano,Brian C. Thomas,Jillian F. Banfield,Yohey Suzuki
标识
DOI:10.1038/ismej.2017.140
摘要
Recent single-gene-based surveys of deep continental aquifers demonstrated the widespread occurrence of archaea related to Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens (ANME-2d) known to mediate anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). However, it is unclear whether ANME-2d mediates AOM in the deep continental biosphere. In this study, we found the dominance of ANME-2d in groundwater enriched in sulfate and methane from a 300-m deep underground borehole in granitic rock. A near-complete genome of one representative species of the ANME-2d obtained from the underground borehole has most of functional genes required for AOM and assimilatory sulfate reduction. The genome of the subsurface ANME-2d is different from those of other members of ANME-2d by lacking functional genes encoding nitrate and nitrite reductases and multiheme cytochromes. In addition, the subsurface ANME-2d genome contains a membrane-bound NiFe hydrogenase gene putatively involved in respiratory H2 oxidation, which is different from those of other methanotrophic archaea. Short-term incubation of microbial cells collected from the granitic groundwater with 13C-labeled methane also demonstrates that AOM is linked to microbial sulfate reduction. Given the prominence of granitic continental crust and sulfate and methane in terrestrial subsurface fluids, we conclude that AOM may be widespread in the deep continental biosphere.
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