Gaussian-weighted multiple seismic attribute analysis for delineating subtle reservoirs: Application to the Maokou Formation, Central Sichuan Basin

Abstract Accurately delineating the spatial distribution of subtle reservoirs in carbonate formations, particularly in overlying and underlying strong reflection layers, presents significant challenges in seismic interpretation. A Gaussian-weighted multiple seismic attribute analysis (GWMSAA) workflow was developed to delineate the spatial distribution characteristics of the subtle reservoirs. First, various seismic attributes were extracted from the post-stack seismic data volume. Subsequently, an adaptive Gaussian-weighted window was applied to extract surface attributes specific to the target reservoirs. Finally, the Isometric Mapping (ISOMAP) algorithm was used to extract low-dimensional concealed features, enabling precise delineation of the subtle reservoirs. This workflow was applied to synthetic and field seismic data of subtle carbonate reservoirs in the Maokou Formation of the central Sichuan Basin, SW China. The results indicated that the proposed GWMSAA workflow can effectively eliminate interference from overlying strong reflection layers and provide more accurate delineation of the subtle reservoirs compared to traditional seismic attribute methods. Furthermore, the GWMSAA workflow has the potential to be a powerful tool for improving exploration strategies in challenging reservoirs, with significant implications for petroleum exploration and reservoir management.