Anti-PD-1 therapy for preventing recurrence and improving survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after hepatectomy

Postoperative anti-PD-1 therapy significantly improves OS and RFS in HCC patients, especially those with VETC positivity, highlighting its potential as an effective adjuvant treatment for high-risk patients. VETC may serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker, aiding in the development of postoperative immunotherapy strategies to improve long-term outcomes in HCC.