Renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is a highly malignant tumor in the urinary system.Radical surgery is the main therapeutic method for the early stage of RCC,but the therapeutic efficacy in advanced or metastatic RCC is not satisfied.As the development of molecular biology,the targeted therapy against RCC achieves a new progress.This review aims to make a summary about molecular basis and new progress of targeted therapy in recent years on advanced clear cell and non-clear cell RCC.