endoscoRegional disparities in cost-effectiveness of biologics for CRSwNP warrant tailored treatment strategies

We read with great interest the recent study by Fieux et al. (1), which developed an evaluation model based on clinical practices, public health insurance, and private insurance systems in France. Through rigorous cost-effectiveness analysis, the authors concluded that initiating biologic therapy in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) without previous endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) imposes excessive economic burdens. This finding aligns with the current guideline regarding the indications for biological treatment in CRSwNP, which reserves biologics primarily for patients with prior ESS history.