Spin-polarized electrical transport and circularly polarized dichroic light absorption in chiral niobium triselenide nanowire

Chiral nanomaterials exhibit distinctive circular dichroism spectra, making them highly attractive for potential applications in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Moreover, chiral materials can induce a variety of exotic electronic and spin phenomena, including chiral-induced spin selectivity, which has garnered increasing attention in spintronics and nanomaterial science. In this work, we theoretically predicted that a one-dimensional helical niobium triselenide $({\mathrm{NbSe}}_{3})$ nanowire possesses remarkable orbital and spin polarization, due to the helical structure and inherent spin-orbit coupling. We further demonstrated that the device based on this helical nanowire exhibits a notable spin-polarized electronic tunneling conductance. Additionally, we determined the k-dependent circular dichroism spectra by examining the effects of electronic angular momentum polarization on the response of circularly polarized lights. Our findings can not only interpret the spin polarization in this one-dimensional chiral ${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{3}$ chain but also propose applications in spin-modulating junctions and circular-polarized light detectors.