Viola pendulipedunculata (Violaceae), a new species from Guangdong Province, China

Viola pendulipedunculata (Violaceae), a new species from Baiwan Nature Reserve of Guangdong Province in China, is described and illustrated. The new species is most similar to V. nanlingensis morphologically, but it can be easily distinguished by its narrowly oblong anterior petals (vs. spatulate anterior petals), curved and drooping peduncles (vs. erect peduncles), and seed with obvious elaiosome (vs. inconspicuous elaiosomes) and the whole plant. Our phylogenetic analysis, based on ITS sequences, confirms that the new species belongs to V. sect. Diffusae, and mostly related to V. yunnanensis in the phylogeny.