Proteasome and Cancer

Cancer is one of the most frightful diseases mostly resulting in mortality; it has recently become more possible to overcome with the help of new therapies. In this direction, carcinogenesis is defined as a complicated process that can include several different factors that contribute to its progress. Proteasome is implicated in cancer studies as it is the main degradation system for oxidatively damaged proteins and also for several proteins playing a role in the cell cycle and transcription, which are important for cancer improvement. Because of this crucial role of proteasome in cancer development, myriad in vitro and in vivo studies have focused on the proteasome in different cancer cases. In this chapter, the involvement of proteasome in the degradation of cancer-related proteins is explained with the results of representative studies. Related to these proteins, the use of proteasome inhibitors in cancer treatment is reviewed.