The reproduction of beneficial microbes was made through the first phase fermentation of raw materials in the compost in order to resist the harmful fungi and to promote the growth of Lentinula edodes and Flammulina velutipes using the metabolic products of the beneficial microbes. And the experimental results also showed that the quality and biological efficiency of L. edodes and F. velutipes cultivated with raw compost mixed with beneficial microbes were higher than that of the traditional cultivation mode.