束缚态
超导电性
准粒子
涡流
物理
凝聚态物理
马约拉纳
扫描隧道显微镜
各向异性
扫描隧道光谱
零点能量
量子力学
拓扑(电路)
数学
热力学
组合数学
作者
Howon Kim,Yuki Nagai,Levente Rózsa,Dominik Schreyer,R. Wiesendanger
摘要
Vortices in topological superconductors are predicted to host Majorana bound states (MBSs) as exotic quasiparticles. In recent experiments, the spatially non-split zero-energy vortex bound state in topological superconductors has been regarded as an essential spectroscopic signature for the observation of MBSs. Here, we report the observation of anisotropic non-split zero-energy vortex bound states in a conventional elemental superconductor with a topologically trivial band structure using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The experimental results, corroborated by quasi-classical theoretical calculations, indicate that the non-split states directly reflect the quasiparticle trajectories governed by the surface electronic structure. Our study implies that non-split zero-energy states are not a conclusive signature of MBSs in vortex cores, in particular for superconducting systems not being in the quantum limit, stimulating a revision of the current understanding of such states.
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