Tourist's engagement in eco-tourism: A review and research agenda

This study aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic review of antecedent, consequence, and intervention factors of tourists' engagement in the ecotourism context. Based on the ACI (Antecedent-Consequence-Intervention) framework, this study addresses tourist engagement from six different engagement themes. Co-word analysis of previous literature caters to the categorization of the themes. This review synthesizes 118 articles from 1993 to 2022 through content analysis. This study used an alluvial diagram to show how different engagement themes have emerged and evolved in different periods. The findings also identified the trend of ecotourism engagement in terms of theme, antecedent factor, consequence, and intervention factors. This review found that tourist engagement in ecotourism was initially centered around destination engagement, and gradually it inclined towards tourism brand engagement, social media engagement, and tourist-OTA engagement. The study also provided extensive directions for future research agendas. For example, what is the role of tourist social and ethical values in ecotourism community welfare? This study contributes to ecotourism literature by highlighting the antecedent and consequences of tourist engagement in ecotourism.