An Innovative Method for Cancer Cell Identification with Optimized Surface Plasmon Resonace in Photonic Crystal Fiber

A simulation-based study has been done on the basis of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based sensor for detecting various cancerous cells. The sensor is coated with titanium dioxide ($\text{TiO}_{2}$) and gold (Au) for the stability of the sensor. The simulation was run in COMSOL Multiphysics using the finite element technique and the PML boundary condition. The proposed sensor facilitates the identification of multiple cancer cells by detecting the shift in resonance wavelength of malignant cells in comparison to normal cells. The maximum wavelength sensitivity for several malignant cells, including MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, PC12, and Jurkat, was recorded at 2142.85, 1428.57, and 5714.285 nmRIU¹, respectively. The maximum amplitude sensitivity varies by cancer cell type and ranges from -141 to $-213 \text{RIU}^{-1}$. The sensor possesses a maximum detection limit of 0.014 and a significant resolution of $1.75 \times 10^{-5} \text{RIU}$, indicating its utility in identifying malignant cells.