Method and Application of Surface Modification of Cerium Dioxide

Airborne pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and waterborne contaminants, including heavy metals, dyes, and other pollutants, pose substantial environmental threats and jeopardize human health. Additionally, certain limitations have hindered the widespread application of some batteries, primarily attributed to elevated operating temperatures and the decreasing use of fossil fuels. In response to these challenges, cerium dioxide (CeO 2 ) nanoparticles have garnered considerable attention due to their unique and advantageous physical and chemical properties. Furthermore, the incorporation of CeO 2 into various coating materials has demonstrated the potential to significantly enhance their performance. In the realm of biotechnology, research into CeO 2 nanoparticles continues to expand, encompassing a range of applications such as the scavenging of reactive oxygen species in biological systems, the development of anti‐inflammatory agents, and cancer research. Nevertheless, in these diverse applications, CeO 2 still exhibits certain limitations that hinder the achievement of desired outcomes. The modification of CeO 2 nanoparticles presents a promising avenue to address these limitations, thereby improving their overall efficacy. As such, this review aims to comprehensively compare and summarize various methods for the modification of CeO 2 nanoparticles, elucidate their practical applications, and provide insights into the potential challenges and future prospects in this field.